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A trace on the surface of a circuit board that is referenced to a ground layer.

Critical Variables
  Examples
50 Ohm 70 Ohms
User Input
Dielectric Constant
Dielectric Space (H) " " "
Trace Width (W) " " "
Thickness (T) " " "
Impedance (Ohms)
Variance (+/- Ohms)
 

Trace Width Sensitivity
-0.001 -0.0005 Target 0.0005 0.001 1 Mil Variance = Ohms

Dielectric Spacing Sensitivity
-0.001 -0.0005 Target 0.0005 0.001 1 Mil Variance = Ohms

Dielectric Constant Sensitivity
-0.4 -0.2 Target 0.2 0.3 .1 Mil Variance = Ohms

Finished Thickness Sensitivity
-0.001 -0.0005 Target 0.0005 0.001 1 Mil Variance = Ohms
 
dsi's calculator uses a dielectric of 4.5 based on our processes and capabilities. Recognizing that FR4 has a dielectric constant range of 4.2 to 4.8, below are the theoretical ranges based on your impedance requirements. This total range should be considered if you are using different bare boards fabrications.